Causes of Male Infertility
Male Infertility, sperm count is low (Oligozoospermia), sperm movements are slow (Asthenozoospermia), sperm cells with a structural disorder (Teratozoospermia), absence of sperm cells (Azoospermia) due to various causes. Diseases causing these conditions are:
- Varicocele (single or double-sided expansion of vessels in testes)
- Mumps orchitis (Testicular tissue infection)
- Genetic anomalies
- Hormone dysfunctions (secretion disorders in FSH and LH hormones secreted by the pituitary gland and stimulating sperm production in the testes)
- Immunological causes (Anti-sperm antibodies)
- Impotence (non-hardening of the penis)
- Retrograde ejaculation (When sperm fluid cannot get out and back into the bladder)
- Undescended testis (Cryptorchidism)
- Exposure to radiation, high temperatures and chemicals.
What is AZOOSPERMIA and what are its causes?
There is no sperm in the sperm analysis. There are two types:
1) Caused by Sperm Making Disorders
2) Caused by sperm discharging disorders (obstruction)
In Obstruction, the sperms produced in the testis are transported through the epididymis through the sperm carrier channels known as vas deferens. The produced sperm cells, due to a blockage in the system do not reach the ejaculate (semen). Since infectious, traumatized, surgical operations, prostate or vesicula seminalis cysts have impaired duct permeability, excretion of sperm cells is prevented.
In the case of the absence of congenital sperm canal (absence of congenital vas deferens) - the vas deferens, which carries sperm from the testis - is single or often double sided. It is often seen in the absence of the vesicula seminalis and most of the epididymis. They may be the carriers of a genetic disease called cystic fibrosis with a rate of 50-80%. By entering the needle or open operation (TESA / TESE) the sperms are obtained from the testis and the pair are able to have children with microinjection into the egg cell.
Diabetes, neurological diseases, damage to the lumbar spine as a result of trauma, bladder or urinary canal operations cause the sperms to go back to the bladder instead of exiting through the penis (Retrograde ejaculation).